Showing posts with label Mental health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mental health. Show all posts

Oct 1, 2011

October 2011- Health Observations and Events

October 2011 Health Current Events - Months

Awareness Event Coverage Related Organization
National Bandanna DayAustralia CanTeen
SIDS Awareness MonthCanada Canadian Foundation for the Study of Infant Deaths
Autism Awareness MonthCanada Autism Society Canada
Eye Health MonthCanada Canadian Association of Optometrists
Breast Cancer Awareness MonthCanada Canadian Cancer Society
Breast Cancer Awareness MonthUnited Kingdom Breast Cancer Care
National Liver Awareness MonthUnited States American Liver Foundation
Celiac Awareness MonthUnited States Celiac Sprue Association
Lung Health DayUnited States American Association for Respiratory Care
Healthy Lung MonthUnited States American Lung Association
National Orthodontic Health MonthUnited States American Association of Orthodontists
National Down Syndrome Awareness MonthUnited States National Down Syndrome Society
National Spina Bifida Awareness MonthUnited States Spina Bifida Association
Lupus Awareness MonthWorldwide Lupus UK
Rett Syndrome Awareness MonthWorldwide International Rett Syndrome Foundation

October 2011 Health Current Events - Weeks

Jan 4, 2011

What is Parataxic Distortion

Parataxic distortion is a psychiatric term first used by Harry S. Sullivan to explain the inclination to skew perceptions of others based on fantasy. The "distortion" is in the perception of others, based not on actual experience with the individual but from a projected fantasy personality.
  • For example: when one falls in love they can create an image of the person as the “perfect match” or “soul mate” only to find out later the person did not match the original perception. The fantasy personality is created in part from experience and from emotional stress. The stress of forming a new relationship or finding a life mate, where one contemplates reproduction, can be seen as stress, although it is perceived as pleasurable.  

Dec 25, 2010

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD in Children

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a condition that robs children of their ability to focus and pay attention. Kids with ADHD are fidgety and easily distracted. This makes it difficult to stay “on task,” whether it’s listening to a teacher or finishing a chore. The National Institute of Mental Health estimates 3% to 5% of kids have ADHD, but some experts believe that figure could be as high as 10%.

ADHD Symptoms:  

The child with ADHD who is inattentive will have 6 or more of the following symptoms:

  • Has difficulty following instructions
  • Has difficulty keeping attention on work or play activities at school and at home
  • Loses things needed for activities at school and at home
  • Appears not to listen
  • Doesn't pay close attention to details
  • Seems disorganized
  • Has trouble with tasks that require planning ahead
  • Forgets things
  • Is easily distracted
The child with ADHD who is hyperactive/impulsive will have at least 6 of the following symptoms:
  • Fidgety
  • Runs or climbs inappropriately
  • Can't play quietly

Oct 17, 2010

Manias and Obsessions

            Some of these mania words represent clinical illnesses, while others are merely facetious. They show the range of unusual and weird things with which one can become obsessed. These words are the ones found in major dictionaries; no doubt there are many others, given that, like phobias, manias are easy to form by taking a root word from Latin or Greek and affixing the suffix 'mania'.





    Word                                        Definition
ablutomania                       mania for washing oneself
aboulomania                      pathological indecisiveness
agromania                         intense desire to be in open spaces
andromania                       nymphomania
anglomania                       craze or obsession with England and the English
anthomania                       obsession with flowers
aphrodisiomania                abnormal sexual interest
arithmomania                    obsessive preoccupation with numbers
balletomania                     abnormal fondness for ballet

A Self-help Self-improvement book

32  KEYS
A Collection of Ideas About Life
A Self-help Self-improvement book
 Start your day here!
  
  
 
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Aug 31, 2010

Be a mentor.Build Self-Esteem.

                          You can't touch it, but it affects how you feel.
                          You can't see it, but it's there when you look at yourself in the mirror.
                          You can't hear it, but it's there every time you talk about yourself.
                          What is this important but mysterious thing?
                                             It's your self-esteem!
    • What Is Self-Esteem 
    • Why it is important
    • How to increase your esteem and self  confidence
    • Books and Articles you can read about self esteem 
       Knowing that Self-esteem should be taught to us since we crawl and as we get older we are developing our "self" , i added a more simple familiar text to be understood by all ages.
         
      • What Is Self-Esteem ?
                    To understand self-esteem, it helps to break the term into two words. Let's take a look at the word esteem (say: ess-teem) first. Esteem is a fancy word for thinking that someone or something is important or valuing that person or thing. For example, if you really admire your friend's dad because he volunteers at the fire department, it means you hold him in high esteem. And the special trophy for the most valuable player on a team is often called an esteemed trophy. This means the trophy stands for an important accomplishment.
             And self means, well, yourself! So put the two words together and it's easier to see what self-esteem is. It's how much you value yourself and how important you think you are. It's how you see yourself and how you feel about your achievements.
             Self-esteem isn't bragging about how great you are. It's more like quietly knowing that you're worth a lot (priceless, in fact!). It's not about thinking you're perfect — because nobody is — but knowing that you're worthy of being loved and accepted.
        Watch the Videos to see how  Media affects the teenagers :
         
               Self-esteem is a term used in psychology to reflect a person's overall evaluation or appraisal of his or her own worth. Self-esteem encompasses beliefs (for example, "I am competent" or "I am incompetent") and emotions such as triumph, despair, pride and shame. A person's self-esteem may be reflected in their behavior, such as in assertiveness, shyness, confidence or caution. Self-esteem can apply specifically to a particular dimension (for example, "I believe I am a good writer, and feel proud of that in particular") or have global extent (for example, "I believe I am a good person, and feel proud of myself in general").
        Psychologists usually regard self-esteem as an enduring personality characteristic ("trait" self-esteem), though normal, short-term variations ("state" self-esteem) also exist.
           Synonyms or near-synonyms of self-esteem include: self-worth, self-regard, self-respect, self-love (which can express overtones of self-promotion), and self-integrity. Self-esteem is distinct from self-confidence and self-efficacy, which involve beliefs about ability and future performance.
        • Why it is important?
                 Self-esteem isn't like a cool pair of sneakers that you'd love to have but don't have to have. A kid needs to have self-esteem. Good self-esteem is important because it helps you to hold your head high and feel proud of yourself and what you can do. It gives you the courage to try new things and the power to believe in yourself. It lets you respect yourself, even when you make mistakes. And when you respect yourself, adults and other kids usually respect you, too.
                 Having good self-esteem is also the ticket to making good choices about your mind and body. If you think you're important, you'll be less likely to follow the crowd if your friends are doing something dumb or dangerous. If you have good self-esteem, you know that you're smart enough to make your own decisions. You value your safety, your feelings, your health — your whole self! Good self-esteem helps you know that every part of you is worth caring for and protecting.

        A Little on Low Self-Esteem

                 For the purposes of empirical research, psychologists typically assess self-esteem by a self-report inventory yielding a quantitative result. They establish the validity and reliability of the questionnaire prior to its use. Researchers are becoming more interested in measures of implicit self-esteem.
           Whereas popular lore recognizes just "high" self-esteem and "low" self-esteem, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965) and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (1967/1981) both quantify it in more detail, and feature among the most widely used systems for measuring self-esteem.
        -The Rosenberg test usually uses a ten-question battery scored on a four-point response system that requires participants to indicate their level of agreement with a series of statements about themselves.
        -The Coopersmith Inventory uses a 50-question battery over a variety of topics and asks subjects whether they rate someone as similar or dissimilar to themselves.
                 Maybe you know kids with low self-esteem who don't think very highly of themselves or seem to criticize themselves too much. Or maybe you have low self-esteem and don't always feel very good about yourself or think you're important.
        Sometimes a kid will have low self-esteem if his mother or father doesn't encourage him enough or if there is a lot of yelling at home. Other times, a kid's self-esteem can be hurt in the classroom. A teacher may make a kid feel dumb or perhaps there is a bully who says hurtful things.
        For some kids, classes at school can seem so hard that they can't keep up or get the grades they'd hoped for. This can make them feel bad about themselves and hurt their self-esteem. Their self-esteem will improve when a teacher, tutor, or counselor encourages them, is patient, and helps them get back on track with learning. When they start to do well, their self-esteem will skyrocket!
        And some kids have good self-esteem but then something happens to change that. For example:
        • If a kid moves and doesn't make friends right away at the new school, he or she might start to feel bad.
        • Kids whose parents divorce also may find that this can affect self-esteem. They may feel unlovable or to blame for the divorce.
        • A kid who feels too fat or too thin may start thinking that means he or she isn't good enough.
        • A kid who's dealing with an illness, such as cancer, diabetes, or asthma, might feel different and less confident than before. 
        • Even going through the body changes of puberty — something that everybody does — can affect a kid's self-esteem.
        • How to Increase Your Self-Esteem?
              Of course it's OK to have ups and downs in your feelings, but having low self-esteem isn't OK. Feeling like you're not important can make you sad and can keep you from trying new things. It can keep you from making friends or hurt how you do at school.
        Having strong self-esteem is also a very big part of growing up. As you get older and face tough decisions — especially under peer pressure — the more self-esteem you have, the better. It's important to know you're worth a lot.
        If you think you might have low self-esteem, try talking to an adult you trust about it. He or she may be able to help you come up with some good ideas for building your self-esteem.
        In the meantime, here are a few things that you can try to increase your self-esteem:
        • Make a list of the stuff you're good at. It can be anything from drawing or singing to playing a sport or telling a good joke. If you're having trouble with your list, ask your mom or dad to help you with it. Then add a few things to the list that you'd like to be good at. Your mom or dad can help you plan a way to work on those skills or talents.
        • Give yourself three compliments every day. Don't just say, "I'm so great." Be specific about something good about yourself, like, "I was a good friend to Jill today" or "I did better on that test than I thought I would." While you're at it, before you go to bed every night, list three things in your day that really made you happy.
        • Remember that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it is. If you are worried about your weight or size, you can check with your doctor to make sure that things are OK. Remind yourself of things about your body that are cool, like, "My legs are strong and I can skate really well."
        • Remember that there are things about yourself you can't change. You should accept and love these things — such as skin color and shoe size — because they are part of you.
        • When you hear negative comments in your head, tell yourself to stop. When you do this, you take the power away from the voice inside that discourages you.
            By focusing on the good things you do and all your great qualities, you learn to love and accept yourself — the main ingredients for strong self-esteem! Even if you've got room for improvement (and who doesn't?) , realizing that you're valuable and important helps your self-esteem to shine.



        [The Dove Self-Esteem Fund - A Campaign for real beauty ]


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        Aug 6, 2010

        Discriminatory behaviors take many forms, but they all involve some form of exclusion or rejection

                   Though sexism refers to beliefs and attitudes in relation to the gender of a person, such beliefs and attitudes are of a social nature and do not, normally, carry any legal consequences. Sex discrimination, on the other hand, may have legal consequences. Though what constitutes sex discrimination varies between countries, the essence is that it is an adverse action taken by one person against another person that would not have occurred had the person been of another sex. Discrimination of that nature in certain enumerated circumstances is illegal in many countries.
                  Sexual discrimination can arise in different contexts. For instance an employee may be discriminated against by being asked discriminatory questions during a job interview, or because an employer did not hire, promote or wrongfully terminated an employee based on his or her gender, or employers pay unequally based on gender. In an educational setting there could be claims that a student was excluded from an educational institution, program, opportunity, loan, student group, or scholarship on account of his or her gender. In the housing setting there could be claims that a person was refused negotiations on seeking a house, contracting/leasing a house or getting a loan based on his or her gender.
                      Socially, sexual differences have been used to justify different roles for men and women, in some cases giving rise to claims of primary and secondary roles.{{|date=May 2008}} While there are non-physical differences between men and women, there is little agreement as to what those differences are.
                      The United Nations has stated (2006) that women struggle to break through a "glass ceiling", and that "progress in bringing women into leadership and decision-making positions around the world remains far too slow." The Special Adviser to the Secretary-General on Gender Issues, Rachel Mayanja, said, "The past ten years have seen the fastest growth in the number of women in parliaments, yet even at this rate, parity between women and men in parliaments will not be reached until 2040."
        The term "glass ceiling" is used to describe a perceived barrier to advancement in employment and government based on discrimination, especially sex discrimination. In the United States, the Glass Ceiling Commission, a government-funded group, stated: "Over half of all Master’s degrees are now awarded to women, yet 95% of senior-level managers, of the top Fortune 1000 industrial and 500 service companies are men. Of them, 97% are white." In its report, it recommended reverse discrimination, which is the consideration of an employee's gender and race in hiring and promotion decisions, as a means to end this form of discrimination.
        Transgendered individuals, both male to female and female to male, often experience problems which often lead to dismissals, underachievement, difficulty in finding a job, social isolation, and, occasionally, violent attacks against them.

              Gender harassment  -verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey insulting, hostile and degrading attitudes to women -is just as distressing for women victims as sexual advances in the workplace. According to Emily Leskinen, Lilia Cortina, and Dana Kabat from the University of Michigan in the US, gender harassment leads to negative personal and professional outcomes too and, as such, is a serious form of sex discrimination. In their view, there is a case for interpreting existing legislation as including gender harassment, so that it is recognized as a legitimate and serious form of sex-based discrimination in the workplace.
                  
        Their work is published online in Springer's journal Law and Human Behavior.
        The generally accepted view of sexual harassment sees unwanted sexual attention as an essential component. What Leskinen's work shows is that nine out of ten harassed women in her sample had experienced gender harassment primarily in the absence of sexual advances in the workplace. And yet, within the current legal conception of sexual harassment, gender harassment involving no sexual advances routinely gets neglected by the law.
                  Leskinen, Cortina, and Kabat analyzed survey data from women working in two male-dominated environments: the US military (9,725 women) and federal legal practice (1,425 women). Their analyses revealed five typical profiles of harassment: 
        • !!!!  low victimization (sexist behavior); 
        • !!!! gender harassment (sexist and crude harassment); 
        • gender harassment with unwanted sexual attention;
        • moderate victimization (moderate levels of all types of harassment);
        • high victimization (frequent harassment). 
        The large majority (90 percent) of harassment victims fell into one of the first two groups, which describe virtually no unwanted sexual advances, yet are the most common manifestations of sex-based harassment.
                      Compared to non-victims, gender-harassed women reported negative personal and professional outcomes in the two different work environments. In the military, victims scored significantly lower on all work attitudes and reported greater performance decline due to both physical and emotional health. They also described less overall psychological well-being and health satisfaction and had more thoughts and intentions of leaving their jobs. Among attorneys, gender-harassed women reported lower satisfaction with professional relationships and higher job stress. These results suggest that gender-harassed women, like women who experience sexual advance harassment, fare poorly in the workplace.
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        Feb 2, 2010

        Menthal Disorder...am i CRAZY?!



        Bipolar disorder is a mental illness that causes extreme mood swings. This condition is also called manic-depressive illness or manic depression. It may be caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.
        Bipolar disorder sometimes runs in families. If you have a parent who has bipolar disorder, you have a greater chance of having it. Both men and women can have bipolar disorder. People of all ages can have it.
        An estimated 22.1% of Americans ages 18 and older-about 1 in 5 adults-suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year.Census residential population estimate, this figure translates to 44.3 million people. In addition, 4 of the 10 leading causes of disability in the U.S. and other developed countries are mental disorders - major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Many people suffer from more than one mental disorder at a given time.

        Bipolar disorder is not easy to spot when it starts. The symptoms may seem like separate problems, not recognized as parts of a larger problem. Some people suffer for years before they are properly diagnosed and treated. Like diabetes or heart disease, bipolar disorder is a long-term illness that must be carefully managed throughout a person's life.
        People with bipolar disorder may also have behavioral problems. They may abuse alcohol or substances, have relationship problems, or perform poorly in school or at work. At first, it's not easy to recognize these problems as signs of a major mental illness.

        Symptoms of bipolar disorder are described below.
        People having a manic episode may:
        * Feel very "up" or "high"
        * Feel "jumpy" or "wired"
        * Talk really fast about a lot of different things
        * Be agitated, irritable, or "touchy"
        * Have trouble relaxing or sleeping
        * Think they can do a lot of things at once and are more active than usual
        * Do risky things, like spend a lot of money or have reckless sex.

        People having a depressive episode may:
        * Feel very "down" or sad
        * Feel worried and empty
        * Have trouble concentrating
        * Forget things a lot
        * Lose interest in fun activities and become less active
        * Feel tired or "slowed down"
        * Have trouble sleeping
        * Think about death or suicide.
         How can I help myself if I have bipolar disorder?

        You can help yourself by getting treatment and sticking with it. It takes time, and it's not easy. But treatment is the best way to start feeling better. Here are some tips:

        * Talk to your doctor about your treatment
        * Stay on your medication
        * Keep a routine for eating and sleeping
        * Make sure you get enough sleep
        * Learn to recognize your mood swings
        * Ask a friend or relative to help you stick with your treatment
        * Be patient about your symptoms. Improvement takes time.
        How can I help someone I know with bipolar disorder?
        Help your friend or relative see a doctor to get the right diagnosis and treatment. You may need to make the appointment and go with him or her to the doctor.

        Here are some helpful things you can do:
        * Be patient
        * Encourage your friend or relative to talk, and listen to him or her carefully
        * Be understanding about mood swings
        * Include your friend or relative in fun activities
        * Remind him or her that getting better is possible with the right treatment.
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