Birth Control Methods - Mechanical Barriers (II)

Mechanical Barriers

Male Condom

The condom consists of a thin sheath placed over the glans and the shaft of the penis that is applied before any vaginal insertion. It is one of the most popular mechanical barriers. Among all of the barrier methods, the condom provides the most effective protection of the genital tract from STDs. Its usage has increased from 13.2-18.9% among all women of reproductive age because of the concern regarding the acquisition of HIV and STDs. It prevents pregnancy by acting as a barrier to the passage of semen into the vagina.
Efficacy
The failure rate of condoms in couples that use them consistently and correctly during the first year of use is estimated to be approximately 3%. However, the true failure rate is estimated to be approximately 14% during the first year of typical use. This marked difference of failure rates reflects errors in usage. Common errors with condoms usage include failure to use condoms with every act of intercourse and throughout intercourse, improper lubricant use with latex condoms (eg, oil-based lubricants), incorrect placement of the condom on the penis, and poor withdrawal technique.
Advantages
Condoms are readily available and are usually inexpensive. This method involves the male partner in the contraceptive choice. Condoms are effective against both pregnancy and STDs.
Disadvantages
Condoms possibly decrease enjoyment of sex. Some users may have a latex allergy. Condom breakage and slippage decrease effectiveness. Oil-based lubricants may damage the condom.